CentOS7 静默安装 Oracle12c
环境
- CentOS7.5 最小安装
- 数据库软件
- linuxx64_12201_database.zip
操作系统配置
- 关闭 SELinux
1sed -i '/^SELINUX=/cSELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config - 关闭防火墙
1 2systemctl disable firewalld systemctl stop firewalld - 禁用 NetworkManager
1 2systemctl disable NetworkManager systemctl stop NetworkManager - 重启操作系统
1reboot
安装依赖
- 安装可能用到的工具
1 2 3 4yum install epel-release yum clean all yum makecache fast yum install vim unzip rlwrap - 安装 oracle 需要的包
1 2 3 4 5 6yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 \ compat-libstdc++-33*i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 \ glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel \ libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel \ libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC \ unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686
配置安装环境
- 创建 oracle 用户
1 2 3 4groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle - 创建 oracle 安装目录
1 2 3 4 5mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/product/12.2.0 mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/oradata mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/fast_recovery_area chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle - 修改 sysctl.conf
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16cat << EOF >> /etc/sysctl.conf fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 #物理内存一半和4G中的较大者，当前服务器16G kernel.shmmax = 8589934592 #shmmax / 4k (getconf PAGESIZE) kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 200 200 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 EOF sysctl -p - 修改 limits.conf
1 2 3 4 5 6 7cat << EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 EOF - 修改 login
1 2 3 4cat << EOF >> /etc/pam.d/login session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so session required pam_limits.so EOF - 修改 profile
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11cat << EOF >> /etc/profile if [ \$USER = "oracle" ] ; then if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi EOF - 修改 oracle 用户的 .bash_profile
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8cat << EOF >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/app export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0 export ORACLE_SID=orcl export PATH=\$PATH:\$ORACLE_HOME/bin #export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8" #export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK" EOF
安装数据库
- 上传数据库软件到 /root 下，解压
1 2unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip -d /home/oracle/ chown -R oracle.oinstall /home/oracle/database - 切换到 oracle 用户，后续操作都在该 oracle 用户下执行
1su - oracle - 创建 response 文件
1 2cd /home/oracle cp database/response/*.rsp ./ - 修改 db_install.rsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17sed -i \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.option=/s#=.*$#=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY#' \ -e '/^UNIX_GROUP_NAME=/s#=.*$#=oinstall#' \ -e '/^INVENTORY_LOCATION=/s#=.*$#=/opt/oracle/oraInventory#' \ -e '/^ORACLE_HOME=/s#=.*$#=/opt/oracle/app/product/12.2.0#' \ -e '/^ORACLE_BASE=/s#=.*$#=/opt/oracle/app#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.InstallEdition=/s#=.*$#=EE#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSDBA_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=dba#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSOPER_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=oper#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=dba#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSDGDBA_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=dba#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSKMDBA_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=dba#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.OSRACDBA_GROUP=/s#=.*$#=dba#' \ -e '/^oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=/s#=.*$#=GENERAL_PURPOSE#' \ -e '/^oracle\.install\.db\.config\.starterdb\.characterSet=/s#=.*$#=ZHS16GBK#' \ -e '/^DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=/s#=.*$#=true#' \ /home/oracle/db_install.rsp - 无需修改 netca.rsp
- 修改 dbca.rsp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11sed -i \ -e '/^gdbName=/s#=.*$#=orcl#' \ -e '/^sid=/s#=.*$#=orcl#' \ -e '/^createAsContainerDatabase=/s#=.*$#=true#' \ -e '/^numberOfPDBs=/s#=.*$#=1#' \ -e '/^pdbName=/s#=.*$#=pdborcl#' \ -e '/^templateName=/s#=.*$#=General_Purpose.dbc#' \ -e '/^pdbAdminPassword=/s#=.*$#=P@sswo2d#' \ -e '/^sysPassword=/s#=.*$#=P@sswo2d#' \ -e '/^systemPassword=/s#=.*$#=P@sswo2d#' \ /home/oracle/dbca.rsp - 安装 oracle 软件
1 2 3 4 5cd /home/oracle/database ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq #安装成功后，系统提示需要在 root 下执行两个脚本 /opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /opt/oracle/app/product/12.2.0/root.sh - 配置监听
1 2 3netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/netca.rsp #配置成功后，监听启动，查看监听状态 lsnrctl status - 创建数据库
1 2dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp #查看屏幕输出的创建进度
简单使用
- 登陆数据库，切换到 pdb 数据库
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23[oracle@fpManager2 ~]$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 6月 25 14:41:16 2018 Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ CDB$ROOT SQL> alter session set container=pdborcl; 会话已更改。 SQL> show con_name CON_NAME ------------------------------ PDBORCL SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files; FILE_NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /opt/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/system01.dbf /opt/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/sysaux01.dbf /opt/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/undotbs01.dbf /opt/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/pdborcl/users01.dbf SQL>